Understanding Autism in Adults: How to Recognize the Signs

Autism, a complex developmental disorder, is often diagnosed in childhood when parents and educators notice delayed or difficult communication skills, socialization, and repetitive behaviors. However, adult autism testing is becoming increasingly common as more and more adults suspect they may be on the autism spectrum.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 1 in 54 children in the United States has been identified as having autism. While fewer statistics exist for adults, it’s estimated that 1-2% of adults around the world are affected by autism.

Adults with autism are often misdiagnosed with other conditions, such as depression or anxiety, because their symptoms can be similar. Unfortunately, misdiagnosis can lead to ineffective treatments and a lack of support for individuals who need it most.

Recognizing the signs of autism in adults is crucial for receiving proper diagnosis and treatment.

1. Communication difficulties – Individuals with autism may struggle with verbal and non-verbal communication. They may have difficulty expressing themselves or understanding social cues like sarcasm or irony. Alternatively, they may display an unusual interest in particular topics or a rigid adherence to specific routines or patterns of behavior.
2. Socialization issues – Adults with autism may have difficulty forming and maintaining relationships. They may have no interest or understand social norms like personal space or the concept of sharing. They struggle with understanding empathy and often show a lack of interest in sharing their own emotions.
3. Sensory sensitivities – Autism can make individuals sensitive to certain types of sounds, smells, or textures. For instance, loud sounds can be distressing, while too much light can be overwhelming. Individuals might also exhibit odd habits such as seeking repetitive stimulation such as rocking back and forth.
4. Obsessive Interests – It’s not uncommon for individuals with autism to have an unusual or intense interest in certain subjects. They might focus on details others may ignore or fixate on a complex topic to a level beyond what is considered “normal” for instance, memorizing a large amount of information on a particular subject.

While these are just a few signs of adult autism, it’s important to note that everyone with autism is different, and not every person will display all the signs.

If you suspect you may be on the autism spectrum, the first step is to talk to your healthcare provider. Discuss your concerns and ask for a referral to an autism specialist. It’s important to tell your provider about your specific symptoms, including any sensory sensitivities or obsessive interests you have.

Adult autism testing involves several assessments, including interviews, self-assessments, and behavioral tests. Many healthcare providers will use standardized tests to screen for autism, such as the Autism Spectrum Quotient. While these tests cannot diagnose autism alone, they offer insight into whether further testing may be needed.

Diagnosing autism in adults can be a long process, but it’s important to find out if you have it. A diagnosis allows you to seek out autism-specific resources and support, as well as provide understanding for your loved ones.

Treatment for autism varies from person to person and can include medication, therapy, and behavioral support. Early intervention is often the most effective, but it’s never too late to get help.

Finding resources and support groups specifically for adults with autism can make navigating life easier. There are numerous online communities and organizations that offer resources and support for individuals, including the Autism Society and Autism Speaks.

Recognizing the signs of adult autism can be challenging, but it’s worth discussing with a healthcare provider. With proper diagnosis and support, individuals with autism can lead successful and fulfilling lives.